Meaning of Terms
- Dow Jones: this is a market indicator-a method of measuring the stock market's performance. The Dow, created over 100 years ago, tracks the performance of 30 well established companies, often called 'blue chips' (there are actually over 12,000 public US companies, but the Dow only measures 30.) While the Dow is the most frequently used index, there are several other market indications such as Standard & Poors (S&P) 500 Index.
- Ethanol fuel is ethanol (ethyl alcohol), the same type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. It can be used as a transport fuel, mainly as a biofuel additive for gasoline.
- EUA - European Union Allowances - tradable emission credits from the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. Each allowance carries the right to emit one ton of carbon dioxide.
- FOB - Free on board (named loading port) - the vendor should load the goods on board of the ship designated by the buyer. The cost and the risk are divided at ship's rail. The seller must clear the goods for export. It includes only maritime transport. When the seller is not able to export the goods on time, as mentioned in the letter of credit, air transport is used. In this case, the seller allows a subtraction of sum corresponding to the carriage by ship from the air carriage.
- Fuel oil is a fraction obtained from petroleum distillation, either as a distillate or a residue. Broadly speaking, fuel oil is any liquid petroleum product that is burned in a furnace or boiler for the generation of heat or used in an engine for the generation of power, except oils having a flash point of approximately 40 °C (104 °F) and oils burned in cotton or wool-wick burners. In this sense, diesel is a type of fuel oil. The term fuel oil is also used in a stricter sense to refer only to the heaviest commercial fuel that can be obtained from crude oil, heavier than gasoline and naphtha.
- Gasoline (North America) or petrol (outside North America) is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture which is primarily used as a fuel in internal combustion engines. It is also used as a solvent, mainly known for its ability to dilute paints. It is not a genuinely gaseous fuel (unlike, for example, liquefied petroleum gas, which is stored under pressure as a liquid, but returned to a gaseous state before combustion). The term petrogasoline is also used.
- Heating oil, or oil heat, is a low viscosity, flammable liquid petroleum product used as a fuel for furnaces or boilers in buildings. Heating oil is very similar to diesel fuel, and both are classified as distillates.
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vieuws.net - Brussels Briefing Environment, October 2012
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